Authors
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Nur Fadilah Baharuddin Pallan
Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Khamirul Amin Matori
Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Mansor Hashim
Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Raba’ah Syahidah Azis
Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Norhazlin Zainuddin
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Nor Faizah Baharuddin Pallan
Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
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Fadzidah Mohd Idris
Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Idza Riati Ibrahim
Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Loy Chee Wah
Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Siti Nor Ain Rusly
Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Noorfauzana Adnin
Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Mohammad Zulhasif Ahmad Khiri
Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Zarifah Nadakkavil Alassan
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Nurzilla Mohamed
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Mohd Hafiz Mohd Zaid
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia
Abstract
This research involved comprehensive studies on thermal, physical, and morphological properties of SiO2-Na2O-CaO-P2O5 (SNCP) glass-ceramic at various sintering temperatures. The study in SNCP glass-ceramic using soda-lime-silica (SLS) wastes glass and clam shell (CS) wastes as the main raw of materials via conventional melt-quenching technique and solid state sintering are interesting and challenging by considering the research using waste materials to fabricate novel SNCP glass-ceramic. The main peaks, Na3PO4 and Ca3Na6Si6O18 were assigned to high crystallization temperature (Tc) at 650-950 °C. The density of samples increases at 550-750 °C and decreases at 850-950 °C due to the increase of sample thickness and higher specific volume at high sintering temperature. FESEM micrograph showed that existed porous increased at sintering temperature 850-950 °C contributes effect to low densification of the sample.
